Introduction
Self-identification of being female or male is shaped through social and cultural conditions. Different forms of media often present these social or cultural aspects. As a result, they set the ideals for gender performance. It also becomes a fundamental tool through which individuals are introduced and encouraged to participate in a gendered world. The media plays a substantial role in changing how the world perceives different aspects of people’s lives. Individuals tend to internalize what they are exposed to. Eventually, it becomes the normal way of life. This means that the media has a very powerful impact on beliefs, culture, operations that shape societal structures. Dominant media such as music videos have played a considerable role in constructing gender. Media forms present codes that act as a representation of male and female attributes. The gender codes shape how society views gender and influence how the audience determines what is acceptable gender performance. Hence, it is through media’s reinforcement of gender codes and stereotypes that shape how society perceives and constructs genders.
As a result, the media forms set societal standards for genders. These forms shape how the society views and identifies gender characteristics. The gender stereotypes become the models for males and females to follow. For example, men may be constructed as powerful, aggressive figures with dominant control and financial stability. On the other hand, the media projects women as nurturing figures significantly concerned with family and the maintenance of beauty. Such gender assumptions may cast negative representations that may dictate how members of both genders behave and reach their true potential within society.
For this project, music videos have been selected as the form of media. The target audience for music videos is mainly young people from ages 15-35. The main audience mostly belongs to this group due to the upbeat style of songs and partly because of how the artists dress. This particular aspect often draws the male side of the audience. This group of the target audience is often the recipient of this type of media products. Men and women are portrayed differently in music videos depending on the genre of the music. Often, women are used as objects to display sexuality. This implies that they may be portrayed as skimpily to display sexuality and insatiable desire for sex.
It is important to study the representation of gender in the media as media plays a significant role in our everyday lives. It influences how individuals perceive themselves and the world around them. have an important impact upon people‘s lives and how people create their identities. It is highly improbable to think that the media does not affect people, their way of thinking, and the way they perceive the world and themselves.
Various researches have been conducted on how media influences gender. Different types of media have been used including television, films, music, magazines and more recently, the internet. A wide range of methods in has been employed in conducting the studies. A study by Anderson & Hamilton (2005) examines the stereotyping of gender roles in children’s picture books. The finding show that fathers were underrepresented compared to mothers. A study by Wallis (2011) investigates female and male nonverbal behavior linked to femininity and masculinity as displayed in different music videos. The researcher assesses how male and female lead performers in music video differ from one another. The findings show that female performers display more overt sexuality compared to males. According to Aubrey & Frisby (2011), R&B or hip hop music videos are characterized by more sexual objectification compared to country music videos. Hunter (2011) and Turner (2011) report that hip hop have transformed the act of sexual transaction. The major themes in these studies are sexual content and sexual objectification. The findings of most studies suggest that women are represented as sexual objects while men are portrayed as successful. While gender studies imply that gender concerns both femininity and masculinity, women are often discussed. Most studies portray the feminine perspective and rarely pay attention to how men are portrayed.
Method section
Sample
The sample for this study is made up of hip-hop/ Rap and country music videos that appear in the Billboard top 100 music. A total of 10 music videos will be used to compare how women are presented in a different genre of music videos. The sample is made up of fake love by Drake, side to side by Ariana Grande, let me love you by DJ Snake; I feel it coming by the weekend, shape of you by Ed Sheeran, Swang by Rae Sremmurd, Slide by Calvin Harris, Look at me by XXXtentacion, Goosebumps by Travis and party by Chris Brown.
Different genres of music were selected in order to compare the difference in how both genders are represented in the music videos. Both Hip-hop and country music have been around for centuries captivating the minds of many people all around the world. The hip hop genre has evolved entirely over the long run from its previous nature of “soothing the masses” to highlighting issues affecting the society to focusing on sexual orientation. How it is presented today plays a huge role in shaping the mental state of youth. When it comes to gender issues, music videos have expressed a new understanding of power and morals which influence self-representation of men and women. To identify this, a range of music videos belonging to different genres is important.
Content analysis
The major themes identified are sexual objectification and sexual content. The themes were identified before examining the sample. The researcher looked for themes before watching particularly. A content analysis was adopted as the method of study. Content analysis is a study technique that is employed to make valid inferences by interpreting. For example, by systematically evaluating videos, quantitative data can be converted into quantitative data. Although the method has been adopted by many social science scholars, it has become more prevalent currently among other scholars. In this regard, the content analysis allows the analysis of perceptual constructs and socio-cognitive constructs that are difficult to study using contemporary quantitative techniques. At the same time, it suitable when the sample used is large to employ purely qualitative studies.
The researcher adopted a purely qualitative research approach. It is a method that attempts to characterize the meaning in a given body of discourse in a systematic manner. The analysis is based on themes identified in the music videos. The researcher adopted this method since it’s the most suitable for the study. The first step in the content analysis involved watching the videos and making brief notes in the margin when relevant and interesting information. The second step involved going through the notes made in the margins and listing different types of information. The third step involved reading through the list and categorizing each item and offering a description of what it is about. The fourth step involved identifying whether the categories can be linked in any way and listing them in categories or themes. The fifth step involved comparing and contrasting major themes. The sixth step involved repeating the five stages again for each transcript. The seventh step involved collecting all themes and examining each detail. The eighth step involved reviewing all the themes and ascertaining whether they can be merged of sub-categorized. The last step involved ensuring that all information fell under one theme.
In the dynamic landscape of higher education, Raj Rishi Bhartrihari Matsya University (RRBMU) stands out as a beacon of innovation and excellence. For the academic year 2024, RRBMU has embarked on a transformative journey to enhance teaching and learning methods, ensuring that students receive a cutting-edge education that prepares them for the challenges of the future. This article explores the key innovations introduced at RRBMU and their impact on the academic community.
1. **Blended Learning Approach**
One of the most significant changes at RRBMU is the adoption of a blended learning approach. This method combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning, providing a flexible and comprehensive learning experience. Students can access lectures, reading materials, and assignments online, allowing them to learn at their own pace and revisit complex topics as needed.
2. **Flipped Classrooms**
RRBMU has implemented flipped classrooms, where students are introduced to new content outside of class, often through video lectures. Classroom time is then dedicated to engaging in hands-on activities, discussions, and problem-solving exercises. This shift from passive to active learning encourages deeper understanding and retention of course material.
3. **Interactive Learning Platforms**
The university has invested in advanced interactive learning platforms that facilitate collaboration and engagement. These platforms offer features such as real-time quizzes, discussion forums, and group projects, enabling students to interact with their peers and instructors in meaningful ways. The use of gamification techniques also makes learning more enjoyable and motivating.
4. **Virtual and Augmented Reality**
To enhance experiential learning, RRBMU has integrated virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) technologies into its curriculum. Students can now engage in immersive simulations and virtual labs, providing hands-on experience in a controlled, risk-free environment. This is particularly beneficial for courses in science, engineering, and medicine, where practical skills are crucial.
5. **Personalized Learning Paths**
Recognizing that each student has unique learning needs and goals, RRBMU has introduced personalized learning paths. Using data analytics and artificial intelligence, the university can tailor educational content and resources to individual students, helping them to progress at their own pace and focus on areas where they need improvement.
6. **Enhanced Faculty Training**
RRBMU understands that innovative teaching methods require well-equipped educators. The university has launched extensive faculty development programs, focusing on the latest pedagogical techniques and digital tools. Continuous professional development ensures that instructors are prepared to deliver high-quality education in innovative formats.
7. **Collaborative Learning Spaces**
The physical infrastructure at RRBMU has also been upgraded to support new teaching methods. Collaborative learning spaces, equipped with modern technology and flexible seating arrangements, encourage group work and interactive learning. These spaces are designed to foster creativity, communication, and teamwork among students.
8. **Project-Based Learning**
To bridge the gap between theory and practice, RRBMU has emphasized project-based learning (PBL). Students work on real-world projects that require critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration. PBL helps students to apply their knowledge in practical scenarios, preparing them for their future careers.
9. **Assessment and Feedback Innovations**
Traditional exams are being supplemented with continuous assessment methods that provide ongoing feedback to students. Digital portfolios, peer assessments, and reflective journals are some of the tools used to track student progress and provide constructive feedback. This approach helps students to continuously improve and achieve their learning objectives.
Raj Rishi Bhartrihari Matsya University’s commitment to innovation in teaching and learning methods reflects its dedication to providing a modern, high-quality education. By embracing these innovative approaches, RRBMU is not only enhancing the learning experience but also preparing students to thrive in an increasingly complex and dynamic world. The initiatives undertaken in 2024 are a testament to the university’s vision of fostering academic excellence and lifelong learning.
Community pharmacies play a crucial role in providing healthcare services, especially in regions like Mimika, Indonesia, where access to healthcare facilities may be limited. These pharmacies serve as accessible points of care, offering a range of essential services and products to local residents. Here’s an exploration of the community pharmacy services available in Mimika:
1. Accessible Medications:
Pafikabmimika, ensure the availability of essential medications, catering to the immediate healthcare needs of the community. This accessibility is vital, considering the challenges in reaching larger healthcare facilities.
2. Health Education and Counseling:
Pharmacists in these community settings often provide valuable health education and counseling. They inform patients about medication usage, potential side effects, and proper health practices, empowering them to manage their health more effectively.
3. Chronic Disease Management:
Many residents in Mimika suffer from chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Community pharmacies offer services like blood pressure monitoring, blood sugar testing, and medication adherence counseling to support these patients in managing their conditions.
4. Immunizations and Preventive Care:
Vaccinations and immunizations are crucial for preventing infectious diseases. Community pharmacies in Mimika often collaborate with health authorities to provide immunization services, ensuring that residents, especially children and the elderly, receive necessary vaccinations.
5. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Products:
Beyond prescription medications, community pharmacies stock a variety of over-the-counter products like vitamins, first aid supplies, and personal care items. This availability is essential in meeting the daily health and wellness needs of the community.
6. Patient Convenience:
Community pharmacies in Mimika prioritize convenience for patients by offering extended hours, quick service, and sometimes home delivery of medications. These efforts are particularly beneficial for elderly patients or those with mobility issues.
7. Collaboration with Healthcare Providers:
Pharmacists in community pharmacies often collaborate closely with physicians and other healthcare providers. This collaboration ensures coordinated care and effective management of patient health, especially in cases requiring multiple medications or complex treatment plans.
8. Emergency Care Support:
During emergencies or natural disasters, community pharmacies in Mimika serve as critical points for immediate healthcare needs. They often stock emergency medications and supplies, providing essential support to the community during challenging times.
9. Health Screening Services:
Some community pharmacies in Mimika offer health screening services such as cholesterol testing, BMI (Body Mass Index) measurements, and basic health assessments. These screenings help identify health risks early and encourage proactive healthcare management.
10. Community Engagement and Support:
Beyond their role in healthcare provision, community pharmacies actively engage with the local community through health awareness campaigns, support groups, and partnerships with local organizations. This involvement fosters a stronger community approach to health and well-being.
In conclusion, Pafikabmimika play a vital role in ensuring access to essential healthcare services for local residents. From providing medications and health education to offering preventive care and emergency support, these pharmacies are integral to the community’s health infrastructure. Their continuous efforts contribute significantly to improving health outcomes and quality of life in Mimika.
Introduction
The world of the internet is quite vast and equally mesmerizing. You can have access to a plethora of knowledge in just a matter of a few clicks. When you are looking at a particular subject in the search engine, you are provided with many options to research on the same topic. It can be sometimes very confusing. It is like entering into a massive library with little knowledge of where to start. In this article, Web.com Reviews provides you with some essential tips to make your online research easy.
The Ways
1. Look for authenticity – Let’s get down to the facts. When it comes to the internet most of the materials provided are not correct. There is various information written by people who have no authentic knowledge of the same. It is a common practice to do so because there are no strict verification rules for posting information on many websites. For example, Wikipedia. Even though it’s quite popular, there is no authenticity to the information provided on its website as anyone can log in and edit the information on a wiki page. Most of the educational institutes do not accept any information cited from Wikipedia.
It is best to go for reputable websites that clearly state their source of information which can be easily cross-checked. If you can’t verify the author, be assured that you are getting misinformed.
Academic channels – When doing extensive research on any topic, it is not necessary to always rely on the internet. There are many online academic or tuition institutions that have information posted by the top-notch educationists and experts in that field on their official websites. If you have no idea how to find these online channels, do not hesitate to ask for help from your institution. These databases are generally fine-tuned to your requirements. They are sourced from academic journals, academic conferences, archives, transcripts, etc, and are authentic.
Blending of sources – When you are looking for any information, there are two types of resources – primary and secondary. While primary sources deal with the main sources such as the book, the secondary source is generally what substitutes the primary sources such as historical documents, transcripts, etc. It is essential to understand not to rely on any single source but to master the art of blending the two sources into one complete authentic research.
Usage of correct keywords – Now here comes the trickiest part. Online research is not as easy as entering a phrase and clicking a search button. You need to start experimenting with keywords and filters and learn to refine your search. Limit your search results in a way that allows you to get specific and useful sources that connect directly to your research
Conclusion
The essence of any success is to know your limits. So, if you are still confused about where to start, it is better to ask help from seniors or supervisors who will be ready to guide you. Even though not all tips have been included; Web.com Reviews believes with such guidance you would have a good start in your research process.